1. Word Hazards: Statements, Ambiguity, and Vagueness
2. Complex Passages: Descriptions, Explanations, and Arguments
4. Grounding Statements in Fact: Observation, Testimony and Other Arguments Based on Criteria
5. Deduction: Categorical Syllogisms
6. Arguments Based on Propositions
7. Probability Calculations
8. Generalizations and Particularizations
10. Evaluating Hypotheses: Inference to Best Explanation
12. Counterfactual Reasoning
14. Decisions under Uncertainty
16. Critical Writing: An Audience-Centered Approach to Critical Thinking.