The first philosophers: the pre-Socratics and sophists

The Milesians: Thales of Miletus, Anaximander of Miletus, Anaximenes of Miletus

Xenophanes of Colophon

Heraclitus of Ephesus

Parmenides of Elea

Zeno of Elea

Melissus of Samos

Pythagorus of Croton and Fifth-century Pythagoreanism

Anaxagoras of Clazomenae

Empedocles of Acragas

The Atomists: Leucippus of Abdera, Democritus of Abdera

Diogenes of Apollonia

Protagoras of Abdera

Gorgias of Leontini

Prodicus of Ceos

Hippias of Elis

Antiphon the Sophist

Thrasymachus of Chalcedon

Euthydemos and Dionysodorus of Chios

Double Arguments

Anonymous and miscellaneous texts

Explanatory notes

Textual notes

Concordance with Diels/Kranz.