The polarizers: postwar architects of our partisan era

The idea of responsible partisanship, 1945-1952

Democrats and the politics of principle, 1952-1960

A choice, not an echo, 1948-1964

Power in movement, 1961-1968

The age of party reform, 1968-1975

The making of a vanguard party, 1969-1980

Liberal alliance-building for lean times, 1972-1980

Dawn of a new party period, 1980-2000

Conclusion: Polarization without responsibility, 2000-2016.