Foreword / William L. Langer
Editor's preface ; The evolution of childhood / Lloyd deMause
Barbarism and religion : late Roman and early Medieval childhood / Richard B. Lyman
Survivors and surrogates : children and parents from the ninth to the thirteenth centuries / Mary Martin McLaughlin
The middle-class child in urban Italy, fourteenth to early sixteenth century / James Bruce Ross
The child as beginning and end : fifteenth and sixteenth century English childhood / M.J. Tucker
Nature versus nurture : patterns and trends in seventeenth-century French child-rearing / Elizabeth Wirth Marvick
Child-rearing in seventeenth-century England and America / Joseph E. Illick
A period of ambivalence : eighteenth-century American childhood / John F. Walzer
"That enemy is the baby" : childhood in imperial Russia / Patrick P. Dunn
Home as a nest : middle class childhood in nineteenth-century Europe / Priscilla Robertson.
